Girl's Suicide in US Brings Fresh Attention to Bullying
美國女學生自殺事件重新引發校園霸凌問題的關注
From: http://www.unsv.com/voanews/specialenglish/scripts/2010/04/22/0041/

An old problem is getting new attention in the United States : bullying. Recent cases included the tragic case of a fifteen-year-old girl whose family moved from Ireland .
在美國,一個老問題引起全國關注:恃強凌弱。近期的一件慘案包括愛爾蘭移民家庭的一名15歲女孩。
Phoebe Prince hanged herself in Massachusetts in January following months of bullying. Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect her. Officials have brought criminal charges against several teenagers.
1 月份,Phoebe Prince 遭受長達幾個月的欺負後在麻州上吊自殺。她的父母指責學校疏于對孩子的保護。官方已針對幾名青少年提起刑事訴訟。
Judy Kuczynski is president of an anti-bullying group called Bully Police USA. Her daughter Tina was the victim of severe bullying starting in middle school in the state of Minnesota .
Judy Kuczynski 是國警局反霸凌組織的主席。她的女兒Tina是中學時代遭受嚴重欺凌的受害者,此事發生在明尼蘇達州。
JUDY KUCZYNSKI: "Our daughter was a very outgoing child. She was a bubbly personality, very involved in all kinds of things, had lots of friends. And over a period of time her grades fell completely. She started having health issues. She couldn't sleep. She wasn't eating. She had terrible stomach pains. She started clenching her jaw and grinding her teeth at night. Didn't want to go to school."
JUDY KUCZYNSKI: " 我的女兒是個非常開朗的孩子。她有著活潑的個性,對任何事情也很投入,擁有許多朋友。一段時間後,她的成績急劇下滑。她開始有健康上的問題,失眠、厭食極嚴重的胃痛。夜裡她開始抓下巴、磨牙和討厭上學。”
Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person. It can involve physical violence. Or it can be verbal -- for example, insults or threats.
霸凌被定義為,針對同一人重複多次的負面行為。包括身體暴力。或者是口頭上的,如辱罵或恐嚇的行為。
Spreading lies about someone or excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying.
散佈關於某人的不實謠言或將某人排除在一個組織外則稱為社交性霸凌。
And now there is cyberbullying, which uses the Internet, e-mail or text messages. It has easy appeal for the bully because it does not involve face-to-face contact and it can be done at any time.
現有一種網絡霸凌,通過網路,電子郵件或簡訊進行。由於無需面對面的接觸就可隨時進行,這樣的欺凌方式更具吸引力。
The first serious research studies into bullying were done in Norway in the late nineteen seventies. The latest government study in the United States was released last year. It found that about one-third of students age twelve to eighteen were bullied at school.
對霸凌問題首次做出的正式研究始於上世紀70年代晚期的挪威。去年發布的美國最新的官方研究報告,顯示十二到十八歲的學生有大約三分之ㄧ在學校收到欺凌。
Examples included being made fun of, pushed, spit on, threatened or excluded from activities. Some students had their property damaged. About four percent reported being the victims of cyberbullying. The study took place in two thousand seven.
這些霸凌行為有嘲笑、推擠、吐口水、被威脅或者被排除於活動外。一些學生的財產遭受損壞。報導宣稱有4%的學生成為霸凌的受害者。該項研究發生於2007年。
Susan Swearer is a psychologist at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and co-director of the Bullying Research Network. She says schools should treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and victims the help they need. She says bullying is connected to depression, anxiety and anti-social behavior, and bullies are often victims themselves.
Susan Swearer 是內布拉斯加州 - 林肯大學的心理學家,也是反霸凌研究網的聯合董事。她表示,學校應將校園霸凌視為心理健康問題,對欺凌者和被欺凌者提供需要的幫助。她同時表示欺凌與沮喪、焦慮以及反社會行為密切相關,而霸凌者通常也曾是被欺凌的受害者。
整理: Josie Lai
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