cost、spend與take都是「花費」的意思,應該怎麼解釋比較清楚?
1. cost是以主詞來表示花費的原因,包含時間、金錢、勞力,主詞通常是「事」或「物」。
句型1: <物+cost(s)+人+金額>。
例 These books cost me five hundred dollars.
句型2: <It+cost(s) +人+金額+to buy物>。
例 It cost me five hundred dollars to buy these books.
2. take表示「花…時間」,主詞可以是it或「事」。
句型為<It+takes/took+人+時間+to+原形動詞.>
=<動名詞/名詞+takes/took+人+時間.>
例 It took me two hours to study English. = Studying English took me two hours.
3. spend可表示「花…錢」與「花…時間」,主詞一定是「人」。
句型1: <人+spend(s)/spent+錢+on+物.>
例 My sister spent three thousand dollars on her Christmas dress.
句型2: <人+spend(s)/spent+時間+動名詞.>
例 My sister spent five hours shopping for her Christmas dress.
4. 三者互用的例子為:
These books cost me five hundred dollars.
= It cost me five hundred dollars to buy these books.
= I spent five hundred dollars on these books.
It took me two hours to study English.
= Studying English took me two hours.
= I spent two hours studying English.
