推薦信的寫作

我想要著重在推薦信與SOP的寫作兩方面
也許我的觀點不是很專業,但至少是我爆肝一個禮拜生出四封的成果
Various organizations had become one part in our lives. An organization can be defined formally to be “a group of people working through collective action to reach a common goal.” In other words, it is a group of people who pursues the same goal though well-developed plans. Although the goals and size of organizations are different from each other, they still have many central concepts in common.
First, an organization is consisted of several highly specialized departments and a central control unit. Specialization is an effective way to maximum the whole group’s productivity. One person cannot master 10 various tasks in the same time, but he may do excellent jobs if concentrate on only one task at a time. For example, several people want to organize a computer company, and then the structure may look like this: one person in charge of purchase, one for R&D, one for marketing, and one for customer service. However, specialization only does not form an organization. Central control unit is also a crucial part. Central control unit, in other words, a leader, is a unit which integrates the information from different departments, makes sure every department cooperate well with each other, and then makes decisions about what to do next. In the computer company mentioned before, the leader may have to tell the marketing to create a new advertisement if R&D department develop a new model. With the cooperation of specialized departments and central control unit, the organization operates smoothly, or it may collapse.
Besides specialization, organization ensures optimum use of resources. For example, human resource is one of the hardest to control. A right person must be put on the right place to make his effort maximize. Additionally, a well organized human distribution ensures no overlapping activities or duplication of two works. Without careful distribution of resources, too many overlapping projects are a waste of resources. Moreover, when a project is failed, it would be hard to identify which department is responsible for this.
A successful supervisor requires many precious characters, like skills for management and communication. Skills for management are the most crucial factors to build a successful supervisor. A supervisor has to managing a group of people with different personalities, abilities and backgrounds, and how to put the right person to the right place is a critical issue. As the project proceeding, a good supervisor actively communicates with his teammates, asking for the latest progress report, integrating ideas come from different group members, finally reaching a consensus. Although the work above looks just like office routines, the details decide who is an outstanding supervisor.
First, a successful supervisor often spend some time understanding the characteristics and backgrounds of his subordinates, and then distribute suitable projects for them. If every member can find a position appropriate for them, the whole group will become more effective. Second, a welcomed supervisor gives his subordinates the maximum freedom to execute their projects independently. Most of people would not like a bossy person who orders them to do this and that. Understanding and authority are the two factors by which subordinates feel a sense of respect.
Besides, communication skills are also an important factor in leading a group. When group members fallen behind the deadline, or makes mistakes, instead of shouting at them, a thoughtful supervisor will choose to discuss these mistakes with them, find out a positive solution, and then prevent similar situation to happen the next time. In other words, a good supervisor concentrates not at WHY things cannot be done, but HOW it can be done. On the other hand, offering praise to rewarding excellent accomplishment can help group members to gain courage.
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